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2017-2021
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Meio Ambiente e Ciências Sociais | Vol. 13 Issue 3 (2025)
Fernanda Loffler Niemeyer Attademo Fábia do Oliveira Luna Salvatore Siciliano
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Published in August 30, 2025
Manatees in Brazil have historically faced significant threats due to intense exploitation and habitat loss. Since the colonial period, systematic hunting has drastically reduced their populations, prompting the implementation of conservation measures in the second half of the 20th century, including the creation of the Manatee Project. This study aimed to review the main historical milestones, public policies, and conservation strategies directed at manatee species in Brazil, assessing both their progress and limitations. The methodology consisted of a narrative review of scientific literature, legal documents, news articles, and institutional reports. The results confirmed the exploitation of the species throughout Brazilian history since the arrival of Europeans, as well as their recurring presence in early accounts by explorers and chroniclers, reflecting a long-standing human-manatee relationship that continues to this day. However, challenges remain, such as habitat fragmentation, pollution, and increasing human activity in coastal and Amazonian areas. The discussion highlights the need to strengthen inter-institutional policies and to promote scientific research and environmental education as essential tools for conservation. We conclude that the history of manatees is deeply intertwined with the history of Brazil, and although significant progress has been made in recent decades, the effective conservation of manatees requires continued protection efforts, engagement with local communities, and adaptation to climatic and socioeconomic changes.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fernanda Loffler Niemeyer Attademo, Fábia do Oliveira Luna, Salvatore Siciliano